Nikumatsu Okada el peón que se convirtió en dueño de varias haciendas en Huaral

Por
Juan Carlos
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367
2956

Nikomatsu Okada, un antiguo peón japonés es la figura de esta época. Unificando siete haciendas en una sola empresa, consigue el apoyo de capitales de su patria nativa e impone un nuevo ritmo al conjunto del sistema racionalizando la producción, introduciendo nueva maquinaria e incorporando unidades desmotadoras y fábricas de aceite (3)”.

Este ciudadano japonés llegó al Perú en 1903 y seis años después a la Hacienda Palpa (ubicada también en el actual distrito de Aucallama) como trabajador.

Rápidamente sobresale en los negocios, haciéndose “cargo del tambo de la Hacienda y como de varias parcelas de tierras para trabajarla en la modalidad de yanacona, en los que logró éxitos. Años después -en ese predio- adquirió dos tambos, una fonda, un cinema y un hotel” (4)

“En 1923 tomó en arriendo la Hacienda “La Huaca”, por dos años, por la cantidad de seis mil libras peruanas. Okada, con la tenacidad y coraje que le caracterizaba, rehizo el predio que se hallaba en malas condiciones, invirtiendo sumas elevadas: adquirió yuntas, ganó más tierras mediante el drenaje; construyó una carretera para conectar al pueblo, saneó el lugar, pues era un foco de paludismo por sus pantanos. Dotó de luz eléctrica y agua potable a las rancherías que mandó construir; aperturó un nuevo tambo, creó una escuela para la educación de los niños y un cinema para la recreación; y cuando la producción de algodón llegó a su máxima produccción, instaló una planta desmotadora (4)”.

“En 1941, las actividades de Okada y su poder en el valle habían logrado tal éxito que llegó un enviado del emperador Hirohito para otorgarle la máxima condecoración civil del Imperio. En ese tiempo, Okada tenía dos grandes empresas: “Negociación Agrícola Okada” y la “Sociedad Industrial Japonesa”, además de algunas subsidiarias. Todas ellas controlaban las desmotadoras de La Huaca y Jesús del Valle, una fábrica de aceite, 6 haciendas (La Huaca, Jesús del Valle, Caqui, Miraflores, Jecuán, Laure), el fundo El Chilcal, más parte del comercio mayorista de abarrotes (2)”.

Sin embargo, con la Segunda Guerra Mundial viene la debacle de Okada:

“Los bienes y negocios de los japoneses residentes en el Perú, fueron intervenidos, obligándolos a traspasar a sus respectivos dueños peruanos. Okada fue apresado y conducido -con otros japoneses- a un campo de concentración de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica; y de allí,más tarde, fue trasladado a Japón, donde falleció (4)“.

El Sr. Okada es, sin lugar a dudas, una de las personalidades anónimas que hizo mucho por el progreso de nuestro pueblo por lo que merece ser reconocido.

Ikumatsu, no Nikumatsu

Jorge Igei afirmó que según el idioma japonés estándar el nombre del señor Okada es Ikumatsu. Entonces, ¿por qué aparece como Nikumatsu en Perú?

En el idioma japonés existen varias posibilidades de lecturas de los kanjis, por ejemplo, el kanji del apellido Miyashiro podría leerse también como Miyagusuku o Miyagui. Igei sostiene que tal vez Okada eligió el nombre de Nikumatsu para diferenciarse o personalizar su nombre.

Sostuvo que otra posibilidad podria ser el desconocimiento de los funcionarios peruanos  de los nombres y apellidos de los japoneses, lo que pudo haber causado algunas  alteraciones al momento de inscribir nombres y apellidos. Los mismos japoneses pudieron no discernir como escribir sus nombres, por ejemplo si con «I» o «Y».

Trofeo «Okada»

Nikumatsu Okada patrocinó incluso campeonatos locales dentro de la colectividad japonesa y peruana de la época, promovió el deporte, donó trofeos y patrocinó clubes. 

El trofeo «Okada» representó su influencia en la vida cotidiana de los pobladores en el valle de Chancay. Incluso equipos como el Sport Huaral ganaron el premio.

Hacienda Caqui en Japón

En la ciudad de Inuyama en Aichi, Japón, hay un parque temático llamado The Little World Museum of Man donde se exhibe la cultura de varios países como construcciones, comidas típicas, vestimentas, etc. El Perú tiene su propio pabellón, la cual es una reproducción a escala de la Casa Hacienda Caqui del señor Okada. En este pabellón se puede encontrar comida y artesanía típica del Perú, e incluso hay una llama, animal autóctono de los Andes.

Para el año 1940 de un total de 17,627 japoneses que había en el Perú en el valle estaban concentrados 2,500 de ellos, es decir, el 14% (Lausent-Herrera 1991: 27). Este aumento significativo muy particular en este valle sucedió entre los años 1923 y 1940 y está vinculado a la concentración de haciendas arrendadas que pudo lograr el mítico Okada

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