Esperan que el estado promueva incentivos tributarios a la innovación en ciencia y tecnología en Perú

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Huaral Pe

El pasado 25 de febrero del 2015, el Congreso de la República aprobó una iniciativa legislativa propuesta por el Poder Ejecutivo con el fin de promover que las empresas inviertan en investigación científica, desarrollo e innovación tecnológica (I+D+i).

Anteriormente, las empresas que invertían en I+D+i, podían deducir estos gastos hasta un 100% para el cálculo del Impuesto a la Renta pero la propuesta aprobada permite aumentar este nivel a 175% en el caso de proyectos que sean desarrollados directamente por el contribuyente o mediante centros de investigación científica.

Sin embargo, esta medida no ha hecho clic con las empresas privadas, ya que en casi tres años de aprobada la medida solo alrededor de 14 empresas lograron calificar para acceder a este beneficio, lo cual es poco respecto a lo que se esperaba.

“Pero en el 2017 hemos tenido mucho más postulaciones y estamos por encima de 120 postulantes, no es mucho pero algo se ha mejorado respecto al 2016 cuando se tenían 80 postulantes”, señaló la presidenta del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (Concytec), Fabiola León-Velarde.

En diálogo con Gestion.pe, mencionó que para el presente año la meta es, como mínimo, duplicar el número de beneficiarios y postulantes a este mecanismo.

La funcionaria recordó que este mecanismo se ha implementado con éxito como México, Colombia y Chile pero en todos esos casos se ha tenido una misma situación, en la que los postulantes son pocos en los primeros años de vigencia del incentivo.

“Realmente nos hemos preocupado en Concytec y por eso hemos hecho una comparación principalmente con Chile y con Colombia, y hemos visto que ocurrió lo mismo que en Perú, ahora ¿por qué ocurre?, porque las empresas son temerosas de hacer esa inversión, lo cual es natural, así que hay que hacer pedagogía y se animen a hacerlo”, comentó.

Manifestó que si una empresa decide invertir en innovación en ciencia en tecnología no solo recibirán un beneficio de S/ 175 por cada S/ 100 que inviertan sino que además sentirán los beneficios de esa innovación en sus servicios o productos.

“Eso ha requerido un tiempo en esos países, primero para que se den cuenta que esa inversión genera una devolución tributaria, aunque eso requiere que tengan confianza en sus servicio tributario, y, por otro lado, cuando empiecen a ver que otras empresas invierten más en innovación entonces empiezan a ver que el incentivo es apropiado”, señaló.

En ese sentido, la titular del Concytec enfatizó que necesitan un “poco más de tiempo” para consolidar este mecanismo y para eso se trabajará en coordinación con las empresas privadas.

“En teoría deberíamos empezar a ver mayores resultados este año, ya que tenemos una preocupación desde el Concytec, y desde las empresas, ya que esta ley tiene una temporalidad hasta el 2019, entonces tenemos que mostrar resultados”, advirtió.

Puntualizó que si no se logran resultados en aumentar la cantidad de postulantes y beneficiarios del incentivo tributario entonces probablemente no se prorrogue la ley.

“Esta ley en otros países ha mostrado que requiere un tiempo, tanto de las empresas como de los laboratorios porque hay centros que se deben certificar en el Concytec y pertenecen a universidades, institutos y de las propias empresas, pero eso tampoco hemos logrado porque se requiere una mayor conversación que toma su tiempo y la empresa tome confianza”, dijo.

“Pensamos que este año esos problemas se vayan resolviendo, y en el 2019 ojalá veamos resultados para que pueda prorrogarse y mantenerse esa ley”, subrayó.

Huaral Pe

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